Fresh Dirt - Our latest garden finds, ideas and what to do now.

By Jim McCausland, Sunset Magazine

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Walking through a friend's entry garden yesterday evening, I was enveloped in a cloud of fragrance that made me pause and breathe it in again and again. The scent, which spreads far even on damp autumn nights, was from the fruit on a gnarled old quince tree, which I'm sure many people take for a late pear.

Not many gardeners grow it any more, probably because this astringent fruit is only edible (and really very good) after it's been cooked into pies or preserves. Fruiting quince (Cydonia oblonga) is often confused with spring-flowering quince (Chaenomeles), a shrubby relation always grown for its early spring flowers, and sometimes also grown for its ornamental fruit.

Every year my quince-growing friend gives me one of these woolly yellow fruits that I put on my desk to perfume the room. But this year I'm thinking it makes more sense to get myself a tree. Then I can perfume not just a room, but much of the garden with one of the most evocative fall fragrances I know.

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By Julie Chai, Sunset associate garden editor

If you love Michael Pollan’s work as much as we do, you’ll want to see The Botany of Desire, a TV special based on Pollan’s book of the same name.

Focusing on four crops—apples, tulips, cannabis, and potatoes—the show explores how the plants may very well be exploiting us instead of the other way around. And it’s packed with interesting factoids. Some of my favorites (that won’t spoil anything for you if you’ve not read the book):

  • Most apples in the wild aren’t sweet, and are basically inedible. (And Johnny Appleseed isn't quite the person you thought he was...)
  • During the Dutch “tulip mania” in the 1600s, tulips were valuable commodities that signified wealth—bulbs of one variety cost $10 to 15 million each in today’s dollars.
  • Cannabis extract was found in many over-the-counter medicines and was basically available anywhere before states starting outlawing it in the early 1900s.
  • We might think we have a lot of choices between Idaho russet, Yukon gold, fingerling, and red potatoes. But in Peru, where spuds were first domesticated, people still cultivate more than 5,000 varieties.

The Botany of Desire airs on Wednesday, October 28 at 8 p.m. on PBS.

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By Julie Chai, Sunset associate garden editor

I love it when people take matters into their own hands. So I was really excited to meet Amie Frisch, project director for Veggielution community farm, who’s intent on evolving the local food movement in the San Jose area.

Amie and cofounder Mark Anthony Medeiros met a couple years ago while they were apartment-dwelling students at San Jose State University. They both wanted space to grow fresh veggies, so Mark posted fliers in a nearby neighborhood asking residents if they’d share some growing ground in exchange for homegrown produce. P8190008They got more responses than expected and, along with other student volunteers, they tended several gardens but soon wanted a centralized place where people in the community could get involved. One thing led to another and, last spring, they were offered a quarter acre plot in Emma Prusch Farm Park in San Jose. And Veggielution was born.

Situated below the intersection of the 101 and 280/680 freeways in the middle of suburban San Jose, it might seem like an unlikely place for a farm. But the land was once a working dairy farm in what was nicknamed "the Valley of Hearts Delight," and Veggielution is thriving there. With guidance from master gardeners and experts, along with a team of eager volunteers, they're producing bushels of crops—150 pounds of which goes to local food banks every week.

“Once the city saw how we transformed it, they started taking us seriously,” Amie says. A few months ago, they were granted use of an additional acre, and a hundred people helped break ground on June 20. Draft horses plowed and dished, and volunteers planted a third of the acre (shown above) that day.

Amie wants Veggielution to be a community resource where people can learn about agriculture and the related issues of health, the environment, and social justice. "Access to healthy food should be a right," she says.

Anyone can take part in the farm's weekly volunteer days, and go to regularly-held classes on a range of topics—this Sunday you can learn about mushroom cultivation. "In cities, you don’t see farms," Amie says. "We want to give people that experience and to dig into it."

And if you’re free Saturday evening, you can attend the Bounty of Heart's Delight fundraiser which starts with appetizers at the farm, followed by dinnner at Eulipia—all made with local, sustainably-grown food, of course. The event supports Veggielution’s new program  for local high schoolers who’ll learn not only about farming, but also about leadership, communication, and community issues.

"By making something happen, we're hoping that others see it's possible," Amie says. "We want to be the hub of local food in the South Bay. And we want to grow awesome food."

 

By Jim McCausland, Sunset Magazine

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I harvested the last pepper from my garden today. What a magnificent vegetable: first it burns your lips, then its heat moderates into a wonderful spiciness, and finally it gives you a pleasant buzz. Apart from the burning lips, that pepper-eating high is a lot like a runner’s high—that elevated sense of well-being you get after you jog three or four miles.

The connection is not accidental, since endorphins produced by your brain are responsible for both. (Endorphins are hormones that activate your body’s opiate receptors, reduce pain, and generally make you feel good. So when people mention hot-pepper addiction, they are not far wrong.)

Here’s how researchers proved the connection. First they fed their happy volunteers potent hot peppers, noting the burning lips and mouths that immediately followed. Then, after a little time passed and the pepper eaters’ lips didn’t burn any more, the guys in white coats administered endorphin blockers. Soon the volunteers were in an agony of unrelieved burning from capsaicin, which is the peppers’ active principle, and science was served.

So have some hot chile peppers—but stay away from those endorphin blockers.

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By Sharon Cohoon, Sunset senior garden writer

Honey bees get all the press , but they don't do all the work.  There are dozens of species of native bees equally willing to pollinate your plants.  One of them, the bumble bee, we all know and love.  But the smaller ones -- Anthidium, Xylocopa, Osmia, Halictid, Andrenid, Megachillid, Mlissodes, Anthophorid, -- you likely don't even notice.  The guy seen here--a Halictid, I'm guessing--is an example.

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It's not hard to attract more of these hard workers to your garden.  All it takes is providing the right nectar plants.  Emerson Commmunity Garden in San Luis Obispo is proving just how quickly you can get results. 

The gardeners using the twenty nine plots in the Garden began an experiment with entomologist Dr. Gordon Frankie of the University of California Berkeley in 2007.  They began adding flowers known to attract these bees to their individual plots.  (The gardeners were primarily interested in growing edibles, and there were few ornamentals in the Garden when the experiment began.)

It didn't take long to see an increase in the number and type of bees showing up. What's more, says Barbara Smith, one of the plot holders and the local coordinator of the project -- it's her space you see below -- everyone in the community garden has seen improvements in their crop yields. And yields get a little better each season as the gardeners learn more about bee gardening and the number and variety of bees keeps improving.

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You don't have to grow anything exotic either as you can see.  Toadflax (Linaria purpurea) gallardia, catmint, asters, rudbeckia, and salvias -- all common garden ornamentals -- are doing a great job luring in native bees at Emerson Community Garden.  There is no shortage of honey bees here either. 

If you're in San Luis Obispo drop by and take a look.  Emerson is at the corner of Nipomo and Pismo Streets.  Look for plants with markers like this to see what they're luring in.  Or visit the U.C. Berkeley  Urban Bee Gardens website to find out what to plant.

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Sunset's garden staff is so enthused about the success of the Emerson example, we're going to add some of the plants from Dr. Frankie's list in our own test garden.  Can you have the same success in a small garden about the size as a typical backyard as you can in a community garden?  We'll let you know.

Or, if you're doing it already, please tell us about your successes.




Kiwi By Jim McCausland, Sunset Magazine

Hardy kiwi is almost too good. It ripens on the vine, and you don’t have to peel or pit it—just eat the whole thing. But when the harvest is ready, it comes by the bucketload: 100 pounds of fruit per vine is possible on Actinidia arguta 'Ananasnaja', pictured at right. Nobody can eat that much fruit, even after you use all you want to make scrumptious kiwi jam.

Michael Dolan at Burnt Ridge Nursery in Onlaska, WA, says the trick is to harvest the fruit when it’s firm-ripe. He picks when a refractometer tells him the fruit has enough sugar for harvest, but you can use a simpler method: harvest firm fruit when the first soft fruit appears on the vine. Refrigerate the firm fruit, taking out enough for a day or two every couple of days: they ripen at room temperature after you take them out of refrigeration.

The harvest starts now as variegated Arctic beauty (Actinidia kolomikta) matures its charcteristically light crop of small, very tasty fruit. Different varieties of heavier-bearing hardy kiwi (A. arguta and A. purpurea, which is red all the way through) will follow from September through November. The same firm-ripe harvest technique works for all.

If you don’t have any of the kiwis mentioned, Burnt Ridge is a good online source for plants. They also sell the fruit at the Olympia, WA, Farmer's Market Thursdays through Saturdays. 

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By Sharon Cohoon, Sunset senior garden writer

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photo by Yvette Roman Davis


Horse troughs is the answer.  This is from the garden of Corey Milligan in Jackson Hole, Wyoming.  I found it on Yvette's blog, Beyond the Lawn.  There are more photos and details about Milligan's lovely garden on her post.

By Sharon Cohoon, Sunset senior garden writer

Most seed catalogs begin shipping garlic orders in September.  But if you are particular about your selection, it's best to order earlier.  Seeds of Change, which carries 21 different varieties, is taking orders now.

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Our adorable bride (2) By Julie Chai, Sunset associate garden editor

We're easing into prime harvest time in the garden, and if you've got more produce than you can use (that's you, zucchini growers), consider donating it to people in your community who'd be thrilled to have it.

If you live in the Bay Area, you might even be able to get people to harvest for you. Village Harvest is a local non-profit that coordinates volunteers to pick and distribute your extra fruit. The organization mainly serves the South Bay and Peninsula, working with local agencies to give fresh produce to people who might not otherwise get it.

Last weekend I took part in a Village Harvest event to celebrate my friend Yolanda's upcoming wedding (she's the one on the ladder at right). Instead of having a traditional bridal shower, she wanted to spend the day serving our community. Group shot copy And though we were thoroughly enjoying each others' company, we quickly learned that harvesting is seriously hard work. It was hot, we were dirty, and it took more strength and coordination than we'd anticipated to maneuver the fruit-picking tools—especially while dodging falling apples. We gained an even greater appreciation for the people who spend their days doing this so that we can have fresh produce in our markets.

But at the end of the day, we were thrilled to learn that we'd harvested 750 pounds of apples that would help feed people in our community. So if you've got fruit to spare, share the bounty. You can take part in an event, or contact Village Harvest at villageharvest.org or 888-FRUIT-411 for more info.

By Johanna Silver, Sunset test garden coordinator

I cannot believe we're already halfway through August! Here is (some of) what's in bloom in the test garden.

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New trial rose from Weeks Wholsale Rose Grower (not yet available to the public), 06R408

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Mint

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Cardoon, 'Tenderheart'

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Eucomis cosmosa
(pineapple flower)
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